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Special Issue Information. Dear Colleagues, Iron ore sintering is an important stage in the production of steel from iron ore. Sinter can constitute more than 60% of ferrous burden in modern blast furnaces in Japan and most blast furnaces in Europe. Iron ore sintering is a high temperature process which converts iron ore fines (<6–8 mm …
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Iron ore sintering is a heat treatment process for agglomerating fine particles into larger lumps, which then serve as the major burden for blast furnace. The production of high-quality sinter is critical for efficient blast furnace operation [1-3].
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Iron ore sintering is the iron ore powder agglomeration process that changes fine iron ore powder into the lumpy iron-bearing raw material used for blast furnace …
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The sintering process of iron ore targets to achieve the consolidation of fine ore, containing the granulation of mixed powdery materials in a roller/disc, the ignition of …
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Sinter quality is a key element for stable blast furnace operation. Sinter strength and reducibility depend considerably on the mineral composition and associated textural features. During sinter optical image analysis (OIA), it is important to distinguish different morphologies of the same mineral such as primary/secondary hematite, and …
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Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. In this chapter, the sintering process is first …
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Iron ore sinter is produced from fine-grained ore in order to provide a direct charge to the blast furnace. During the sinter production process fine sinter is produced that is not acceptable as feedstock for the blast furnace. This fine material is screened off and returned to the sinter plant to be recycled.
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A systematic analysis of industrial iron ore sinter product and associated sinter returns was undertaken. The samples were characterised through identification of the major macro- and micro …
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Until the 1950s of the last century, the oxidized iron ores that were loaded into the blast furnace had granulometries within 10 and 120 mm. However, the depletion of high-grade iron ore sources has made necessary the utilization of concentration processes with the purpose of enriching the iron ore. Because of these processes, a fine …
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May Concentrate Iron ore, as a refractory iron concentrate, deteriorates the permeability of the sintered layer during the sintering process due to its fine particle size and poor granulating performance. Therefore, it cannot be widely used in iron ore sintering. In this study, the strengthening granulation of May Concentrate Iron ore using pre …
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super-fluxed sinter in order to incorporate the lime required for fluxing the acid constituents during the smelting inside a blast furnace. Other parameters which has influence on the coke rate and blast furnace productivity are (a) reduction properties (RDI/RI) of sinter, (b) Fe content in the sinter, and (c) fines in the sinter.
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It is a popular countermeasure to add MgO into sinter to cope with the use of high-Al2O3 iron ore. The effects of particle size with MgO-bearing flux on the strength of a sintered sample (Fe2O3-MgO and Fe2O3-MgO-CaO series) are discussed in the present work for the purpose of improving sinter strength before and after reduction. The …
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The sinter plant that converts the iron ore fines into a desirable blast furnace feed, offers an avenue for recycling wastes. One of the several wastes that are produced …
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Ore 2 being a concentrate, was very fine with almost passing 0.15 mm, and is therefore expected to fully contribute to adhering fines during granulating and …
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Some basic properties of granules, including the granule size distribution, packed-bed permeability, and chemical composition of the adhering layer, were investigated in this study for four iron ore blends consisting of 5wt%, 25wt%, and 45wt% ultrafine magnetite and 25wt% ultrafine hematite concentrates. The effects of varying the sinter …
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The present work proposes a novel process to sinter porous iron ore (porosity ~23–24%) with enhanced productivity and quality. The iron ore is pre-processed in the presence of calcined lime for the temporary closure of pores, which further prevents water absorption during the granulation process in drum in the presence of water. The …
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Intensification of the iron ore sintering process was approached by injecting hydrogen-rich gas into the sinter bed. ... Point prediction models can be fine-tuned by increasing the iterations to achieve a higher strike rate. ... Mineralogical aspects of reducing lump iron ore, pellets, and sinter with hydrogen. Metall Mater Trans B. https://doi ...
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The process of sintering is basically a pre-treatment process step during iron making for the production of the charge material called sinter for the blast furnace from iron ore fines and also from metallurgical wastes (collected dusts, sludge and mill scale etc.). The sintering technology was originally developed for the purpose of utilizing ...
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Mineralization testing process included ore matching, agglomeration, roasting and mineralogical analysis. Iron ores and fluxes (dolomite, limestone, and quicklime) were mixed to a feed, which then was used to produce sinter with SiO 2 4.7%, basicity (CaO/SiO 2) 2.0 and MgO 2.0%, the proportions of each material were shown in Table 4.The …
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In iron making process, sintering of iron ore fines is an integral step to utilize not only the ore fines but also to introduce a part of flux (limestone and dolomite) …
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An effective solid waste management system is essential for the sustainability of an integrated steel plant. These fine materials have higher value minerals and degrade the environment, in addition to achieving sustainability. The utilization of the iron making raw material challenges metallurgists to develop suitable processes. The …
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In modern blast furnaces, particularly those operating in East Asia, iron ore sinter constitutes more than 60% of blast furnace burdens. 1, 2 Good sinter quality and …
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During the iron ore sintering process, its SiO2 content considerably affects the sinter quality. In this study, the effect of SiO2 content on iron ore sintering indexes was studied, with mineral composition and microstructure analyses. It was shown that the strength and reducibility of sintering products improved when SiO2 content increased. …
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lets consisting of fine powder combined with iron sand, ore and iron-making dust or comparatively coarse powder ore under 8 mm were agglomerated with a cement binder and used in a real blast furnace.5,6) Moreover, a large amount of non-fired carbonaceous-material-containing agglomer-ated ore was used in a real blast furnace with the aim of
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Iron ore pellets are small and hard spherical particles agglomerated from a fine iron ore concentrate. They are used in the blast furnace process to produce hot metal. The diameter of blast furnace pellets is usually between 8 and 16 mm. In this study, a batch of magnesia iron ore pellets was first sieved into particle sizes of 8–10 mm, 10–12.7 mm, …
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Iron ore concentrate is an output product from processed iron ores that have been milled (crush, grind, magnetic separation, flotation) to separate deleterious elements and produce a high-quality product. Sintering and pelletizing are economic and widely used agglomeration processes to prepare iron ore fines/iron concentrate for ironmaking use.
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When switching to sinter by using combined fuel, the blast furnace productivity increases by 10–14%, and the specific fuel consumption in coke per unit of iron made decreases by 8%. Sintered-iron ore has been the main raw material type for blast furnaces, with its share in iron-making being 60–70% [ 1 ]. This production will continue …
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Using super-fluxed sinter, the amount of limestone charged in the BF is reduced, and thus, the solution loss reaction (i.e. C(s) + ... It can be mixtures of fine iron ore (haematite, magnetite, dust and pre-reduced iron-bearing ore fine, etc.) and fine carbonaceous materials (coke breeze, fine coal, charcoal, char, etc.) adding some …
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Moreover, the conventional iron making unit, i.e. blast furnace requires the raw material in the form of iron oxide with a size range of 10–120 mm. Sintering is the oldest agglomerate thermal process using iron ore mineral fines of 0.5–8 mm, along with the reductant, fluxes, and other byproducts of the iron and steel industry operated ...
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The iron ore sintering experiments, as shown in Figure 1, were conducted in a sinter cup with a height of 800 mm and a diameter of 200 mm. According to the sinter cup test scheme (Table VI), the basicity (CaO/SiO 2) of the mixtures was kept constant at 1.95 by replacing quicklime with different contents of CS; the proportions of ores 1, 2, 3 ...
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