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Soil nitrogen mediates the neighbor diversity of all legumes. Across all 11 forests, the proportion of legume species with positive RND showed a linear response to increases in soil total N ...
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The transition to Haber-Bosch alternatives through robust, heterogeneous catalyst surfaces remains an unsolved research challenge. Catalysts for electrochemical reduction of di-nitrogen to ammonia are a specific focus of research, due to the potential to compete with Haber-Bosch and eliminate associated carbon dioxide emissions.
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However, biological N fixation (BNF) is more expensive than using plant-available N, so sustained BNF in N-rich soils appears to be a paradox. Here, we use spatially explicit ecosystem models to analyze the conditions under which spatial heterogeneity can induce simultaneous BNF and loss of plant-available N (hereafter, we …
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In a model of population metabolism, heterogeneous nitrogen (N 2 ) fixation rates substantially reduce the respiration rate required to protect nitrogenase from O 2. The energy savings from...
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The UV photo-catalytic effects of minerals such as pyrite on nitrogen fixation have to date been overlooked. ... ammonia NH 3 from N 2 using new heterogeneous catalysers 8. Nitrogen fixation ...
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The interchange of nitrogen oxidation states in the industrial production of ammonia, nitric acid, and other commodity chemicals is largely powered by fossil fuels. A key goal of contemporary research in the field of nitrogen chemistry is to minimize the use of fossil fuels by developing more efficient heterogeneous, homogeneous, photo-, and ...
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In a model of population metabolism, heterogeneous nitrogen (N 2) fixation rates substantially reduce the respiration rate required to protect nitrogenase from O 2. The energy savings from metabolic specialization is highest at slow growth rates, allowing populations to survive in deeper waters where light is low but nutrients are high. ...
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E) Nonmetal oxides. nitrogen is very unreactive, largely due to its triple bond. Nitrogen fixation is a difficult process because ________. A) there is so little nitrogen in the atmosphere. B) nitrogen exists in the atmosphere primarily as its oxides which are very unreactive. C) nitrogen is very unreactive, largely due to its triple bond.
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Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are two of the key elements for plants and play crucial roles in plant function and ecosystem processes (Sterner and Elser 2002).As the major limiting elements of plant growth, N and P are fundamental components of enzymes, genetic material and cell structure, and are tightly linked to many biochemical processes, …
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Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) occurs when atmospheric nitrogen is converted to ammonia by an enzyme called nitrogenase. The reaction for BNF is: …
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Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) driven by diazotrophs is a fundamental process underpinning the primary productivity of terrestrial ecosystems and plays a pivotal role in the global nitrogen cycle. ... opportunists and specialists use different evolutionary strategies. Although community heterogeneity of generalists was significantly (P < 0. ...
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At present, the research of metal compound catalyst and nonmetal compound catalyst is very hot. The common photocatalysts, such as g-C 3 N 4, 5,7 TiO 2 8 and BiOCl, 9 have low nitrogen fixation efficiency because of their light absorption range and charge carrier recombination and other problems. Therefore, in recent years, there have been …
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New techniques have identified a wide range of organisms with the capacity to carry out biological nitrogen fixation (BNF)—greatly expanding our appreciation of …
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Here we use a recently developed, heterogeneous and quantitative phylogenetic framework to study the origin of the symbiosis between angiosperms and nitrogen-fixing (N2) bacterial symbionts housed ...
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The design of highly electron-active and stable heterogeneous catalysts for the ambient nitrogen reduction reaction is challenging due to the inertness of the N 2 molecule. Here, we report the ...
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These composites have been experimentally confirmed as an efficient photocatalytic for nitrogen fixation and transformed from homogeneous SiW 12 to heterogeneous catalyst. The 100-MIL-101(Cr)-I and 100-MIL-101(Cr)-S among them, achieved a high NH 3 yield of 33.93 μmol·h −1 ·g -1 and 75.56 μmol·h −1 ·g -1 , …
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Biological nitrogen (N 2) fixation is a fundamental process within the ocean, helping to alleviate nitrogen limitation, thereby supporting primary production and the sequestration of carbon to the ...
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The development of a nitrogen fixation process that relies on the renewable energy, such as visible light, is an important goal in sustainable chemistry. Here, authors establish an iridium and ...
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High levels of heterogeneity in diazotroph diversity ... Biological nitrogen (N 2) fixation is a fundamental process within the ocean, helping to alleviate nitrogen limitation, thereby supporting ...
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Finally, we highlight the main challenges that remain for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation. We aim to help researchers design more reliable experiments and inspire practical research in developing ...
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Biological nitrogen fixation represents the largest natural flux of new nitrogen (N) into terrestrial ecosystems, providing a critical N source to support net primary productivity of both natural and agricultural …
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To restore the natural nitrogen cycle (N-cycle), artificial N-cycle electrocatalysis with flexibility, sustainability, and compatibility can convert intermittent renewable energy (e.g., wind) to harmful or value-added chemicals with minimal carbon emissions. The background of such N-cycles, such as nitrogen fixation, ammonia oxidation, and nitrate reduction, is …
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Great enthusiasm in single-atom catalysts (SACs) for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) has been aroused by the discovery of metal–Nx as a promising catalytic center. However, the poor activity and low selectivity of available SACs are far away from the industrial requirement. Through the first-principles high-throughput screening, we find …
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Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), discovered by Beijerinck in 1901 (Beijerinck 1901), is carried out by a specialized group of prokaryotes. These organisms utilize the enzyme nitrogenase to ...
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Nitrogen fixation, the conversion of di-nitrogen (N 2) gas to reactive nitrogen (N) by specialized microbes, plays an essential role in …
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In a model of population metabolism, heterogeneous nitrogen (N 2) fixation rates substantially reduce the respiration rate required to protect nitrogenase from O 2. The …
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Nitrogen fixation is a highly energy-demanding process, since the nitrogenase enzymes (both Mo-containing and Mo-independent systems) have an absolute requirement for …
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Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are coordination polymers with high porosity that are constructed from molecular engineering. Constructing MOFs as photocatalysts for the reduction of nitrogen to ammonia is a newly emerging but fast-growing field, owing to MOFs' large pore volumes, adjustable pore sizes, controllable …
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Strain induced rich planar defects in heterogeneous WS 2 /WO 2 enable efficient nitrogen fixation at low overpotential† Ying Ling, ‡ a Farhad M. D. Kazim, ‡ a Shuangxiu Ma, ‡ a Quan Zhang, a Konggang Qu, b Yangang Wang,* c Shenglin Xiao, a Weiwei Cai * a and Zehui Yang * a
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Haber–Bosch Process (HBP): A Century of Heterogeneous Ammonia Catalysis: 3.2. Lab-Scale Efforts for Chemical Nitrogen Fixation: 3.2.1. Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation: 3.2.2. Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation: 3.2.3. Homogeneous Catalytic Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia: 3.2.4. Nonthermal Plasma (NTP) Assisted Nitrogen …
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