Halophiles – Taxonomy, Diversity, Physiology and Applications

1.3.1 Requirement for Salt. Halophily is demonstrated by the requirement of a high salt concentration for optimum growth however halotolerance describes the ability to grow at a salt concentration higher than optimum (Imhoff and Thiemann 1991; Ollivier et al. 1994).The degree of salt tolerance of bacteria depends upon the composition of the …

Minerals | Free Full-Text | The Temperature of Halite …

When the concentration of brine was close to the stage of potassium salts, crystallization appeared only after 60 days, after halite cooling at the temperature of −10 °C . That method was tested on halite …

Study of brine–halite phase separation through optical

This work presents a study of the reciprocal dispersive power, also known as constringence or Abbe number of an aqueous solution of NaCl in a wide range of concentrations. The constringence exhibited a distinct behavior in the region close to the phase transition between a phase containing exclusively brine and a phase containing …

Sodium chloride (halite) mineral scale threat

In this method, halite supersaturation was achieved by mixing a saturated halite solution, a salt solution with a high chloride concentration and a halite inhibitor solution without brine solution cooling. As illustrated in Fig. 2, the experimental setup includes a water bath to maintain the system temperature between 25 °C and 90 °C. A ...

Secondary halite deposits in the Iranian salt karst: general

They are usually a constituent of more typical environment for precipitation of thin films and crusts on complex secondary formations that gradually the brine surface, Jahani; b) white compact crusts growing on the develop around/on the brine pools outside the caves surface of the flowing brine; c) translucent thin halite films on the (Fig. 6a).

Evaporites | SpringerLink

Since halite is a pure crystalline phase the activity of the component NaCl in halite is unity by definition. Thus, as long as equilibrium is maintained between halite and the brine during evaporative concentration, the product of the activities of Na and Cl ions in the brine is fixed even though these ions are being extracted from the brine to ...

The Sensitivity of Temperature to Tachyhydrite Formation

Abstract. An average of concentrations of Na +, Mg 2+, Ca 2+, K +, and Cl – in fluid inclusions, from the Khorat Plateau evaporite primary halite, was employed. The evaporation–crystallization sequence and paths were obtained under various temperature conditions for the quinary system, Na +, K +, Mg 2+, Ca 2+ //Cl –-H 2 O. The results …

Rates of halite dissolution in natural brines: Dead Sea solutions …

The solubility of halite as a function of temperature in Dead Sea brines has been studied by Gavrieli et al. (1989). Halite is accumulating at the lake floor (Stiller et al., 1997, Gavrieli, 1997) at a rate of about 0.1 m/year (Lensky et al., 2005). Two short episodes of about 3 years each, caused by the unusually rainy winters of 1979/1980 and ...

Halite Precipitation From Double‐Diffusive Salt Fingers in the …

This is reflected by the halite concentration field, where crystals are mostly found in the lower half of the domain. Note that the initially saturated conditions and the absence of settling yield an approximately antisymmetric distribution for the undersaturation S − Se ( T ) (Figure 4 d) in the epilimnion and the halite concentration ...

Experimental pressure solution in halite: The effect of grain

It has recently been argued that the DIC-structure would be an unstable structure, apt to smooth out, because the islands are preferentially dissolved away and the fluid mechanically expelled or ...

Saturation indices of aqueous mineral phases as proxies of

The indices are negative for gypsum and halite indicating their under-saturation. The saturation indices of aragonite and calcite are quite low and vary within a narrow range (1.12–1.82) compared to dolomite (2.38–3.73) and hydroxyapatite (7.92–11.31). ... The concentration of dissolved orthophosphate ...

Halite | Common Minerals

Roughly 90% of the original volume of seawater must be evaporated before the concentration of the remaining brine is high enough to precipitate halite. So, significant halite production is usually restricted to arid environments in which the influx of seawater …

Halite

Uniaxial compressive strength C 0 typically ranges from about 15 MPa to 35 MPa. Tensile strength T 0 varies from less than 1 MPa to 2–3 MPa. Low resistance against tensile …

Frontiers | A review of technologies for direct lithium …

The sample with the highest Li + concentration, 0.055 ppm, had a percent recovery of 76.4%, whereas the sample with 0.038 ppm Li + concentration had a percent recovery of 71%. These Li percentages of …

Halite Mineral | Uses and Properties

How Does Halite Form? Halite is mainly a sedimentary mineral that usually forms in arid climates where ocean water evaporates. However, many …

Saturation index of minerals (carbonate, gypsum, halite, silicate, …

In the case of halite dissolution, Na/Cl molar ratio is equal to 1, but a higher Na/Cl molar ratio (>1) indicates the release of Na from the silicate weathering reaction (Meybeck, 1987; Zhang et ...

Halite | Salt, Rock Salt, Evaporite | Britannica

Halite, naturally occurring sodium chloride (NaCl), common or rock salt. Halite occurs on all continents in beds that range from a few metres to more than 300 m (1,000 feet) in thickness. Termed evaporite deposits because …

Pressure solution seams in carbonatic fault rocks

In the Coscerno outcrop, deformation is distributed in a wide shear zone approximately 20 m thick. Fault rocks are mostly represented by the Scaglia Cinerea marls and marly limestones, showing evidence of pervasive pressure solution and exhibiting strong foliation (Fig. 1a), with development of SCC' tectonites (e.g., Ramsay and Graham …

Mineral

Mineral - Halides, Crystals, Properties: Members of this class are distinguished by the large-sized anions of the halogens chlorine, bromine, iodine, and fluorine. The ions carry an electric charge of negative one …

Desalination of Ground Water: Earth Science Perspectives

Dissolved-solids concentrations in basin-fill aquifers in Arizona and New Mexico are typically less than 1,000 mg/L, but can be much higher. Areas of higher concentrations include low parts of some basins where dissolved solids are concentrated by evapotranspiration from shallow ground water, basins with smaller fluxes of water …

Halite Mineral | Properties, Formation, Uses and Deposits

Experimental studies of halite dissolution kinetics, 1 The effect of

Variation of halite dissolution rates with tracemetal concentration Halite dissolution rates measured in the presence of ZnCl2, COC12, (~rC13, CdC12, PbC12 and FeC13 are presented in the Table 5. All of these data were obtained at a temperature of 25 ± 1°C, constant disk rotation speed of 300 ± 2 rpm and a constant aqueous NaCl …

Cuttings transport

Cuttings roll in low viscosity mud is harder than in high viscosity mud. Newtonian fluid yields better cuttings transport than other fluids with same apparent viscosity. Higher 'n'7 value causes higher lift …

Three study cases of growth morphology in minerals: Halite, calcite …

Halite crystallizes in the cubic system, with a face centered lattice, f.c.c. (space group Fm3m), its lattice parameter being a 0 = 5.64Å. Halite, along with all the f.c.c. alkali halides, exhibits a peculiar feature: while the ideal surface structure of both the cube {100} (Fig. 2a) and the rhomb-dodecahedron {110} (Fig. 2b,c) are not polar since the lattice …

Halite – Virtual Museum of Molecules and Minerals

Halite is a common evaporite mineral, NaCl, used as table salt worldwide. It is arguably the most well-known mineral in the world. It has a formula unit composition of NaCl, and is in …

What Draws Hundreds to This Lake Bed?

Some come from this dry lake bed in the California desert. "A lot of people don't pay attention to what's going on under their feet," said Alexandra Gama, president of the geology club at ...

Thermodynamic calculations for the salt crystallisation damage in

Halite is a common salt in monuments and is mainly related to sea-salt aerosols and de-icing salts (Arnold and Zehnder 1990; Steiger et al. 2011a). Halite can crystallise only when the ambient relative humidity is lower than 75.3 %, the equilibrium relative humidity of the saturated salt solution (Table 2).

Molecular acclimation of Halobacterium salinarum to halite brine

To assess cell viability after halite inclusion, salt crystals were weighted to determine the appropriated NaCl concentration required for the complex medium to obtain a final concentration of 4.28 M after halite dissolution as previously described by Gramain et al. (2011). Halite and complex medium were then incubated at 37°C, 180 rpm.

Halite

Halite is a mineral, rock salt is a type of rock that is predominantly composed of halite. Halite is an evaporite mineral. These are water-soluble minerals that crystallize out of concentrated aqueous solutions. Halite with other salts on the shore of Mono Lake in California. Width of view approximately 50 cm.

The brine depth of the Khorat Basin in Thailand as indicated by …

Bromine contents of a 17-cm halite core from drilling hole of K203 in the Khorat Basin were analysed at 1 cm intervals (17 samples in total). The Br contents range from 99 to 184 ppm with a rapid ...